英语学习中，动词的变化形式是至关重要的组成部分。过去式和过去分词作为动词的两种主要变体，在构成各种时态和语态中扮演着核心角色。掌握它们是理解和运用英语语法的关键。本文旨在提供一个简洁明了的动词的过去式和过去分词汇总表，帮助学习者更好地记忆和运用这些常用动词。

在英语的动词世界里，存在着规则动词和不规则动词两大阵营。规则动词的过去式和过去分词形式相对简单，通常只需在动词原形后添加“-ed”即可。例如，“work”的过去式和过去分词均为“worked”。但需要注意的是，如果动词以字母“e”结尾，则只需添加“-d”，例如“dance”变为“danced”。如果动词以一个辅音字母结尾，且该辅音字母前只有一个元音字母，则需要双写辅音字母再添加“-ed”，例如“stop”变为“stopped”。

然而，英语中还有大量的不规则动词，它们的过去式和过去分词形式变化多样，没有固定的规律可循，需要逐一记忆。这些不规则动词常常让学习者感到头疼，但它们又是日常交流和阅读中最常用的动词，因此必须下苦功夫，熟练掌握。

以下列出部分常用的不规则动词，及其过去式和过去分词形式：

| 原形 (Base Form) | 过去式 (Past Simple) | 过去分词 (Past Participle) | 例句 |

|---|---|---|---|

| be | was/were | been | He was a student. The book has been read. |

| become | became | become | She became a doctor. He has become rich. |

| begin | began | begun | The game began late. The project has begun. |

| break | broke | broken | He broke the window. The vase was broken. |

| bring | brought | brought | She brought flowers. She has brought a gift. |

| build | built | built | They built a house. The house has been built. |

| buy | bought | bought | I bought a car. I have bought a ticket. |

| catch | caught | caught | He caught the ball. He has caught a cold. |

| choose | chose | chosen | She chose the blue dress. She has chosen a career path. |

| come | came | come | He came home. He has come back. |

| cost | cost | cost | The book cost $10. The repairs have cost a fortune. |

| cut | cut | cut | He cut the paper. He has cut his finger. |

| do | did | done | He did his homework. He has done a good job. |

| draw | drew | drawn | She drew a picture. The picture was drawn beautifully. |

| drink | drank | drunk | He drank the milk. He has drunk too much coffee. |

| drive | drove | driven | She drove to work. She has driven across the country. |

| eat | ate | eaten | He ate the apple. He has eaten dinner. |

| fall | fell | fallen | The tree fell down. The snow has fallen. |

| feel | felt | felt | He felt tired. He has felt better. |

| find | found | found | I found my keys. I have found a solution. |

| fly | flew | flown | The bird flew away. He has flown to Paris. |

| forget | forgot | forgotten/forgot | He forgot her name. He has forgotten his wallet. |

| get | got | got/gotten | He got a present. He has gotten a cold (美式英语). |

| give | gave | given | He gave her a flower. He has given his word. |

| go | went | gone | He went to school. He has gone to the store. |

| grow | grew | grown | The plant grew tall. He has grown up. |

| have | had | had | I had a great time. I have had breakfast. |

| hear | heard | heard | I heard a noise. I have heard the news. |

| hide | hid | hidden | He hid the toy. The treasure was hidden. |

| hit | hit | hit | He hit the ball. He has hit a home run. |

| hold | held | held | He held her hand. The meeting was held yesterday. |

| hurt | hurt | hurt | He hurt his leg. He has hurt his feelings. |

| keep | kept | kept | He kept the promise. He has kept the secret. |

| know | knew | known | I knew the answer. He is known for his honesty. |

| lay | laid | laid | He laid the book on the table. She has laid the foundation. |

| lead | led | led | He led the team. He has led a successful life. |

| learn | learned/learnt | learned/learnt | He learned to swim. He has learned a new language. |

| leave | left | left | He left the building. He has left a message. |

| lend | lent | lent | He lent me his car. He has lent me money. |

| let | let | let | He let me go. He has let me use his computer. |

| lie | lay | lain | He lay down to rest. He has lain awake all night. |

| lose | lost | lost | He lost his wallet. He has lost his way. |

| make | made | made | He made a cake. He has made a mistake. |

| mean | meant | meant | He meant well. He has meant to call you. |

| meet | met | met | I met him yesterday. We have met before. |

| pay | paid | paid | He paid the bill. He has paid his dues. |

| put | put | put | He put the book on the shelf. He has put on weight. |

| read | read | read | I read the book. I have read the news. |

| ride | rode | ridden | He rode a bike. He has ridden a horse. |

| ring | rang | rung | The bell rang. The phone has rung. |

| rise | rose | risen | The sun rose. The price has risen. |

| run | ran | run | He ran fast. He has run a marathon. |

| say | said | said | He said hello. He has said goodbye. |

| see | saw | seen | I saw him yesterday. I have seen that movie. |

| sell | sold | sold | He sold his car. He has sold his company. |

| send | sent | sent | He sent a letter. He has sent an email. |

| set | set | set | He set the table. He has set a new record. |

| shake | shook | shaken | He shook my hand. He has shaken with fear. |

| shine | shone | shone | The sun shone brightly. The shoes have shone. |

| shoot | shot | shot | He shot a bird. He has shot a film. |

| show | showed | shown/showed | He showed me his car. He has shown me his pictures. |

| shut | shut | shut | He shut the door. He has shut the window. |

| sing | sang | sung | He sang a song. He has sung in the choir. |

| sink | sank | sunk/sunken | The ship sank. The ship has sunk. |

| sit | sat | sat | He sat down. He has sat there all day. |

| sleep | slept | slept | He slept soundly. He has slept for eight hours. |

| speak | spoke | spoken | He spoke clearly. He has spoken to the manager. |

| spend | spent | spent | He spent money. He has spent all his savings. |

| stand | stood | stood | He stood up. He has stood there for hours. |

| steal | stole | stolen | He stole the money. The money has been stolen. |

| stick | stuck | stuck | He stuck the paper to the wall. He has stuck with his decision. |

| swim | swam | swum | He swam in the pool. He has swum across the lake. |

| take | took | taken | He took the book. He has taken a photo. |

| teach | taught | taught | He taught English. He has taught for ten years. |

| tell | told | told | He told a story. He has told the truth. |

| think | thought | thought | He thought about it. He has thought carefully. |

| throw | threw | thrown | He threw the ball. He has thrown the trash away. |

| understand | understood | understood | He understood the question. He has understood the lesson. |

| wake | woke | woken | He woke up early. He has woken up late. |

| wear | wore | worn | He wore a hat. He has worn the same shirt for days. |

| win | won | won | He won the game. He has won the lottery. |

| write | wrote | written | He wrote a letter. He has written a book. |

这仅仅是一小部分不规则动词的例子。学习者可以通过各种英语学习资源，查找更完整的动词的过去式和过去分词汇总表。

除了记忆单个动词的形式外，更重要的是理解如何在实际语境中运用它们。例如，过去式主要用于描述过去发生的动作或状态，而过去分词则常用于构成完成时态（如现在完成时、过去完成时）以及被动语态。

掌握动词的过去式和过去分词需要时间和练习。希望这份汇总表能作为一个有用的起点，帮助你更好地掌握英语语法，提升语言能力。勤加练习，并结合语境进行学习，必能事半功倍。